《后窗》与链上监控：窥视欲作为ZK-SNARK的验证层

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";

contract RearWindowZK is AccessControl, ReentrancyGuard {
    bytes32 public constant WATCHER_ROLE = keccak256("WATCHER_ROLE");
    bytes32 public constant VERIFIER_ROLE = keccak256("VERIFIER_ROLE");

    enum PrivacyLevel {
        PUBLIC, SEMI_PRIVATE, PRIVATE, ZK_PROTECTED, FULLY_ANONYMOUS
    }

    enum ObservationType {
        TRANSACTION, BALANCE, CONTRACT_INTERACTION, TOKEN_TRANSFER, NFT_MINT
    }

    struct PrivacyWindow {
        uint256 windowId;
        address owner;
        PrivacyLevel level;
        string description;
        uint256 createdAt;
        uint256 lastObservation;
        bool isActive;
    }

    struct ZKProof {
        bytes32 proofHash;
        address prover;
        address verifier;
        string statement;
        uint256 timestamp;
        bool isValid;
        bytes proofData;
    }

    struct Observation {
        uint256 observationId;
        address observer;
        address target;
        ObservationType obsType;
        uint256 timestamp;
        bool isApproved;
        PrivacyLevel requiredLevel;
    }

    mapping(uint256 => PrivacyWindow) public privacyWindows;
    mapping(uint256 => ZKProof) public zkProofs;
    mapping(uint256 => Observation) public observations;
    mapping(address => PrivacyLevel) public userPrivacyLevels;
    mapping(address => uint256) public observationCount;

    uint256 public windowCount;
    uint256 public proofCount;
    uint256 public observationCountGlobal;

    event WindowCreated(uint256 indexed windowId, address indexed owner, PrivacyLevel level);
    event ProofSubmitted(bytes32 indexed proofHash, address indexed prover);
    event ObservationMade(uint256 indexed observationId, address indexed observer, address indexed target);

    function createPrivacyWindow(
        PrivacyLevel _level,
        string memory _description
    ) external returns (uint256) {
        windowCount++;
        privacyWindows[windowCount] = PrivacyWindow({
            windowId: windowCount,
            owner: msg.sender,
            level: _level,
            description: _description,
            createdAt: block.timestamp,
            lastObservation: block.timestamp,
            isActive: true
        });

        userPrivacyLevels[msg.sender] = _level;
        emit WindowCreated(windowCount, msg.sender, _level);
        return windowCount;
    }

    function submitZKProof(
        address _verifier,
        string memory _statement,
        bytes calldata _proofData
    ) external returns (bytes32) {
        proofCount++;
        bytes32 proofHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(
            msg.sender, _verifier, _statement, block.timestamp
        ));

        zkProofs[proofHash] = ZKProof({
            proofHash: proofHash,
            prover: msg.sender,
            verifier: _verifier,
            statement: _statement,
            timestamp: block.timestamp,
            isValid: true,
            proofData: _proofData
        });

        emit ProofSubmitted(proofHash, msg.sender);
        return proofHash;
    }

    function verifyProof(bytes32 _proofHash) external onlyRole(VERIFIER_ROLE) returns (bool) {
        ZKProof storage proof = zkProofs[_proofHash];
        require(proof.isValid, "Proof already invalidated");
        proof.isValid = true;
        return true;
    }

    function makeObservation(
        address _target,
        ObservationType _obsType
    ) external onlyRole(WATCHER_ROLE) returns (uint256) {
        observationCountGlobal++;
        PrivacyLevel targetLevel = userPrivacyLevels[_target];

        observations[observationCountGlobal] = Observation({
            observationId: observationCountGlobal,
            observer: msg.sender,
            target: _target,
            obsType: _obsType,
            timestamp: block.timestamp,
            isApproved: targetLevel == PrivacyLevel.PUBLIC,
            requiredLevel: targetLevel
        });

        observationCount[msg.sender]++;
        emit ObservationMade(observationCountGlobal, msg.sender, _target);
        return observationCountGlobal;
    }

    function getPrivacyScore(address _user) external view returns (uint256) {
        PrivacyLevel level = userPrivacyLevels[_user];
        if (level == PrivacyLevel.PUBLIC) return 0;
        if (level == PrivacyLevel.SEMI_PRIVATE) return 25;
        if (level == PrivacyLevel.PRIVATE) return 50;
        if (level == PrivacyLevel.ZK_PROTECTED) return 75;
        return 100;
    }
}

import hashlib
import json
from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, Optional
from dataclasses import dataclass
from datetime import datetime
from web3 import Web3
from eth_account import Account
from eth_account.messages import encode_defunct

@dataclass
class ZKProof:
    statement: str
    witness: Dict
    public_inputs: List[str]
    proof_data: bytes
    timestamp: int

class ZKPrivacyLayer:
    def __init__(self, rpc_url: str):
        self.w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider(rpc_url))
        self.proofs: Dict[str, ZKProof] = {}
        self.privacy_levels: Dict[str, str] = {}
        self.observation_log: List[Dict] = []

    def create_zk_proof(self, statement: str, witness: Dict, public_inputs: List[str]) -> ZKProof:
        proof_data = self._generate_proof(statement, witness, public_inputs)
        proof = ZKProof(
            statement=statement,
            witness=witness,
            public_inputs=public_inputs,
            proof_data=proof_data,
            timestamp=int(datetime.now().timestamp())
        )
        proof_hash = self._hash_proof(proof)
        self.proofs[proof_hash] = proof
        return proof

    def _generate_proof(self, statement: str, witness: Dict, public_inputs: List[str]) -> bytes:
        combined = json.dumps({
            'statement': statement,
            'witness': witness,
            'public_inputs': sorted(public_inputs)
        }, sort_keys=True).encode()
        return hashlib.sha256(combined).digest()

    def _hash_proof(self, proof: ZKProof) -> str:
        data = json.dumps({
            'statement': proof.statement,
            'public_inputs': sorted(proof.public_inputs),
            'timestamp': proof.timestamp
        }, sort_keys=True).encode()
        return hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()

    def verify_proof(self, proof_hash: str, public_inputs: List[str]) -> bool:
        if proof_hash not in self.proofs:
            return False
        proof = self.proofs[proof_hash]
        return sorted(proof.public_inputs) == sorted(public_inputs)

    def set_privacy_level(self, address: str, level: str):
        valid_levels = ['public', 'semi_private', 'private', 'zk_protected', 'fully_anonymous']
        if level not in valid_levels:
            raise ValueError(f"Invalid level. Must be one of {valid_levels}")
        self.privacy_levels[address] = level

    def make_observation(self, observer: str, target: str, obs_type: str) -> Dict:
        target_level = self.privacy_levels.get(target, 'public')
        observation = {
            'observer': observer,
            'target': target,
            'type': obs_type,
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat(),
            'target_privacy_level': target_level,
            'is_allowed': target_level == 'public'
        }
        self.observation_log.append(observation)
        return observation

    def get_privacy_score(self, address: str) -> int:
        level = self.privacy_levels.get(address, 'public')
        scores = {
            'public': 0,
            'semi_private': 25,
            'private': 50,
            'zk_protected': 75,
            'fully_anonymous': 100
        }
        return scores.get(level, 0)

    def zk_kyc_verify(self, user_address: str, kyc_provider: str) -> bool:
        statement = f"User {user_address} has passed KYC by {kyc_provider}"
        witness = {
            'user_address': user_address,
            'kyc_provider': kyc_provider,
            'kyc_status': 'verified',
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        proof = self.create_zk_proof(statement, witness, [user_address, kyc_provider])
        return self.verify_proof(proof.proof_data.hex(), [user_address, kyc_provider])

    def confidential_transaction(self, sender: str, receiver: str, amount: int) -> Dict:
        statement = f"Sender {sender} has sufficient balance to send {amount} to {receiver}"
        witness = {
            'sender': sender,
            'receiver': receiver,
            'amount': amount,
            'balance': self._get_balance(sender),
            'timestamp': datetime.now().isoformat()
        }
        proof = self.create_zk_proof(statement, witness, [sender, receiver])
        return {
            'proof_hash': proof.proof_data.hex(),
            'statement': statement,
            'timestamp': proof.timestamp
        }

    def _get_balance(self, address: str) -> int:
        return 1000

layer = ZKPrivacyLayer('https://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/YOUR_KEY')
layer.set_privacy_level('0xUser1', 'zk_protected')
layer.set_privacy_level('0xUser2', 'public')
obs = layer.make_observation('0xWatcher', '0xUser1', 'balance_check')
print(f"Observation allowed: {obs['is_allowed']}")

const { ethers } = require('ethers');
const snarkjs = require('snarkjs');
const crypto = require('crypto');

class ZKPrivacyClient {
  constructor(providerUrl, verifierContract) {
    this.provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider(providerUrl);
    this.verifierContract = verifierContract;
    this.witness = {};
    this.privacyLevel = 'public';
  }

  async generateProof(statement, privateInputs, publicInputs) {
    const witness = {
      statement: statement,
      private_inputs: JSON.stringify(privateInputs),
      public_inputs: JSON.stringify(publicInputs.sort()),
      timestamp: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)
    };

    const { proof, publicSignals } = await snarkjs.groth16.fullProve(
      witness,
      'circuit.wasm',
      'circuit_final.zkey'
    );

    return {
      proof: proof,
      publicSignals: publicSignals,
      proofHash: ethers.utils.keccak256(
        ethers.utils.toUtf8Bytes(JSON.stringify(proof))
      )
    };
  }

  async verifyProof(proof, publicSignals) {
    const vKey = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync('verification_key.json', 'utf8'));
    const result = await snarkjs.groth16.verify(vKey, publicSignals, proof);
    return result;
  }

  async submitProofToChain(proof, publicSignals) {
    const calldata = await snarkjs.groth16.exportSolidityCallData(proof, publicSignals);
    const tx = await this.verifierContract.verifyProof(calldata);
    const receipt = await tx.wait();
    return receipt.transactionHash;
  }

  setPrivacyLevel(level) {
    const validLevels = ['public', 'semi_private', 'private', 'zk_protected', 'fully_anonymous'];
    if (!validLevels.includes(level)) {
      throw new Error(`Invalid level. Must be one of: ${validLevels.join(', ')}`);
    }
    this.privacyLevel = level;
  }

  async makeConfidentialTransaction(to, amount) {
    const statement = `Sender has sufficient balance to send ${amount} to ${to}`;
    const privateInputs = {
      senderBalance: await this.provider.getBalance(this.provider.getSigner().getAddress())
    };
    const publicInputs = [to, amount.toString()];

    const proof = await this.generateProof(statement, privateInputs, publicInputs);
    const txHash = await this.submitProofToChain(proof.proof, proof.publicSignals);

    return {
      txHash: txHash,
      proofHash: proof.proofHash,
      privacyLevel: this.privacyLevel
    };
  }

  async zkKYCVerify(kycProvider) {
    const statement = `User has passed KYC verification by ${kycProvider}`;
    const privateInputs = {
      userIdentity: crypto.randomBytes(32).toString('hex'),
      kycStatus: 'verified',
      kycTimestamp: Date.now()
    };
    const publicInputs = [kycProvider];

    const proof = await this.generateProof(statement, privateInputs, publicInputs);
    return {
      proofHash: proof.proofHash,
      verified: true,
      timestamp: Date.now()
    };
  }

  getPrivacyScore() {
    const scores = {
      'public': 0,
      'semi_private': 25,
      'private': 50,
      'zk_protected': 75,
      'fully_anonymous': 100
    };
    return scores[this.privacyLevel] || 0;
  }
}

const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider('https://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/YOUR_KEY');
const client = new ZKPrivacyClient(provider, null);
client.setPrivacyLevel('zk_protected');
console.log('Privacy score:', client.getPrivacyScore());