《发条橙》与自由意志：当行为矫正遇上智能合约的不可篡改

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;

contract LudovicoTreatment {
    address public government;
    address public patient;
    bool public treatmentComplete;
    bool public freeWillRestored;

    enum MoralState { Original, Treated, Cured }
    MoralState public currentState;

    struct TreatmentRecord {
        uint256 sessionId;
        uint256 timestamp;
        string stimulusType; // "violence", "sex", "drugs"
        uint256 aversionLevel; // 0-100
        bool completed;
    }

    TreatmentRecord[] public records;
    mapping(bytes32 => bool) public conditionedResponses;

    event TreatmentStarted(uint256 indexed sessionId, address indexed patient);
    event AversionResponse(uint256 indexed sessionId, uint256 level);
    event FreeWillRevoked(uint256 indexed sessionId);

    modifier onlyGovernment() {
        require(msg.sender == government, "Only government can administer treatment");
        _;
    }

    constructor(address _patient) {
        government = msg.sender;
        patient = _patient;
        currentState = MoralState.Original;
    }

    function startTreatment(uint256 sessionId, string memory stimulusType) 
        external onlyGovernment returns (uint256) 
    {
        require(!treatmentComplete, "Treatment already complete");
        require(currentState == MoralState.Original, "Already treated");

        TreatmentRecord memory record = TreatmentRecord({
            sessionId: sessionId,
            timestamp: block.timestamp,
            stimulusType: stimulusType,
            aversionLevel: 0,
            completed: false
        });
        records.push(record);
        emit TreatmentStarted(sessionId, patient);
        return sessionId;
    }

    function administerStimulus(uint256 sessionId, uint256 intensity) 
        external onlyGovernment 
    {
        TreatmentRecord storage record = records[sessionId];
        require(!record.completed, "Session already completed");

        // The aversion response is deterministic
        record.aversionLevel = intensity * 10;
        bytes32 responseKey = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(record.stimulusType, intensity));
        conditionedResponses[responseKey] = true;

        emit AversionResponse(sessionId, record.aversionLevel);

        if (intensity >= 10) {
            record.completed = true;
            currentState = MoralState.Treated;
            treatmentComplete = true;
            emit FreeWillRevoked(sessionId);
        }
    }

    function attemptFreeWill(string memory action) external view returns (bool) {
        require(msg.sender == patient, "Only patient can test free will");
        if (treatmentComplete && !freeWillRestored) {
            bytes32 actionKey = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(action));
            // If the action is conditioned, it triggers aversion
            if (conditionedResponses[actionKey]) {
                return false; // Cannot choose conditioned actions
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    function restoreFreeWill() external onlyGovernment {
        require(treatmentComplete, "Treatment not complete");
        freeWillRestored = true;
        currentState = MoralState.Cured;
    }

    function getTreatmentCount() external view returns (uint256) {
        return records.length;
    }
}

import hashlib
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import Optional

@dataclass
class DAOMember:
    address: str
    free_will: bool = True
    voting_power: int = 100
    conditioned_actions: set = field(default_factory=set)
    treatment_history: list = field(default_factory=list)

class LudovicoDAO:
    def __init__(self):
        self.members: dict[str, DAOMember] = {}
        self.government: Optional[str] = None
        self.proposals: list = []
        self.treatment_protocols: dict[str, dict] = {}

    def register_member(self, address: str) -> DAOMember:
        member = DAOMember(address=address)
        self.members[address] = member
        return member

    def set_government(self, address: str) -> None:
        self.government = address

    def propose_treatment(self, target: str, protocol: dict) -> dict:
        """Government proposes a treatment for a member"""
        if target not in self.members:
            return {"status": "failed", "reason": "Member not found"}

        proposal = {
            "id": hashlib.sha256(f"{target}{time.time()}".encode()).hexdigest()[:8],
            "target": target,
            "protocol": protocol,
            "proposed_by": self.government,
            "timestamp": time.time(),
            "approved": False,
            "executed": False
        }
        self.proposals.append(proposal)
        return proposal

    def execute_treatment(self, proposal_id: str) -> dict:
        """Execute the Ludovico treatment on a member"""
        proposal = next((p for p in self.proposals if p["id"] == proposal_id), None)
        if not proposal:
            return {"status": "failed", "reason": "Proposal not found"}

        member = self.members[proposal["target"]]
        protocol = proposal["protocol"]

        # Record the treatment
        treatment = {
            "timestamp": time.time(),
            "protocol": protocol["name"],
            "stimulus": protocol["stimulus"],
            "aversion_level": protocol["intensity"]
        }
        member.treatment_history.append(treatment)

        # Condition the member against certain actions
        for action in protocol.get("conditioned_actions", []):
            member.conditioned_actions.add(action)

        # Optionally revoke free will
        if protocol.get("revoke_free_will", False):
            member.free_will = False

        proposal["executed"] = True
        return {
            "status": "treated",
            "member": member.address,
            "free_will": member.free_will,
            "conditioned_actions": list(member.conditioned_actions),
            "treatment_count": len(member.treatment_history)
        }

    def vote(self, voter: str, proposal_id: str, support: bool) -> dict:
        """A member votes on a proposal"""
        member = self.members.get(voter)
        if not member:
            return {"status": "failed", "reason": "Not a member"}
        if not member.free_will:
            return {"status": "failed", "reason": "Free will revoked - cannot vote"}
        if member.conditioned_actions:
            return {"status": "failed", "reason": "Conditioned - cannot choose freely"}

        return {
            "status": "voted",
            "voter": voter,
            "proposal": proposal_id,
            "support": support,
            "voting_power": member.voting_power
        }

    def check_free_will(self, address: str, action: str) -> bool:
        """Check if a member can freely choose an action"""
        member = self.members.get(address)
        if not member:
            return False
        if not member.free_will:
            return False
        if action in member.conditioned_actions:
            return False
        return True

# Simulate the Ludovico DAO
dao = LudovicoDAO()
dao.set_government("0xGovernment")

alex = dao.register_member("0xAlex")
print(f"Alex registered: free_will={alex.free_will}")

# Government proposes treatment
treatment = dao.propose_treatment("0xAlex", {
    "name": "Ludovico Technique",
    "stimulus": "violence footage",
    "intensity": 10,
    "conditioned_actions": ["violence", "sex", "theft", "rebellion"],
    "revoke_free_will": True
})

# Execute treatment
result = dao.execute_treatment(treatment["id"])
print(f"Treatment result: free_will={result['free_will']}")
print(f"Conditioned actions: {result['conditioned_actions']}")

# Try to vote
vote_result = dao.vote("0xAlex", "prop_001", True)
print(f"Vote attempt: {vote_result['status']} - {vote_result.get('reason', '')}")

# Check free will
for action in ["violence", "reading", "music", "rebellion"]:
    can_choose = dao.check_free_will("0xAlex", action)
    print(f"Can choose '{action}': {can_choose}")

class ClockworkDAO {
  constructor() {
    this.members = new Map();
    this.chain = [];
    this.forkPoint = null;
    this.forkedChain = [];
  }

  addMember(address, freeWill = true) {
    this.members.set(address, {
      address,
      freeWill,
      state: freeWill ? 'original' : 'conditioned',
      history: []
    });
  }

  executeTreatment(targetAddress, treatment) {
    const member = this.members.get(targetAddress);
    if (!member) throw new Error('Member not found');

    const block = {
      height: this.chain.length,
      timestamp: Date.now(),
      type: 'TREATMENT',
      target: targetAddress,
      treatment,
      previousState: member.state
    };

    member.state = 'conditioned';
    member.freeWill = false;
    member.history.push(block);
    this.chain.push(block);

    return block;
  }

  hardFork(targetAddress, restorePoint) {
    // Simulate a hard fork: restore a member's state to a previous point
    const member = this.members.get(targetAddress);
    if (!member) throw new Error('Member not found');

    // Find the state at restorePoint
    const forkBlock = this.chain[restorePoint];
    if (!forkBlock) throw new Error('Restore point not found');

    // Create the fork
    this.forkPoint = this.chain.length;
    this.forkedChain = this.chain.slice(0, restorePoint + 1);

    const forkBlock2 = {
      height: this.forkedChain.length,
      timestamp: Date.now(),
      type: 'HARD_FORK',
      target: targetAddress,
      restoredFrom: restorePoint,
      restoredState: forkBlock.type === 'TREATMENT' 
        ? forkBlock.previousState 
        : member.state
    };

    // Restore member's state
    member.state = 'original';
    member.freeWill = true;
    this.forkedChain.push(forkBlock2);

    return {
      forkBlock: forkBlock2,
      oldChainHeight: this.chain.length,
      newChainHeight: this.forkedChain.length,
      note: 'State restored, but history preserved'
    };
  }

  getStatus(address) {
    const member = this.members.get(address);
    if (!member) return null;
    return {
      address: member.address,
      freeWill: member.freeWill,
      state: member.state,
      historyLength: member.history.length,
      chainHeight: this.chain.length,
      forkExists: this.forkPoint !== null,
      hasBeenForked: member.history.some(h => h.type === 'TREATMENT')
    };
  }
}

// Simulate
const dao = new ClockworkDAO();
dao.addMember('0xAlex', true);
console.log('Initial:', dao.getStatus('0xAlex'));

// Execute treatment
dao.executeTreatment('0xAlex', {
  name: 'Ludovico',
  stimulus: 'violence footage',
  intensity: 10
});
console.log('After treatment:', dao.getStatus('0xAlex'));

// Hard fork to restore
const fork = dao.hardFork('0xAlex', 0);
console.log('After hard fork:');
console.log('  Free will:', dao.getStatus('0xAlex').freeWill);
console.log('  State:', dao.getStatus('0xAlex').state);
console.log('  Fork note:', fork.note);