《八部半》与多重签名:费里尼的创作困境作为多签治理
1963年,费德里科·费里尼在《八部半》中讲述了一个关于"创作困境"的故事:导演圭多·安塞尔米(马塞洛·马斯楚安尼饰)在完成八部半电影后,陷入了"创作危机"——他无法决定下一部电影要拍什么。他的制片人、编剧、演员、妻子、情妇、教会、媒体……所有人都在"要求"他做出"决定",但圭多"无法"做出"决定"。这种"多重声音"(Multiple Voices)的"创作困境",在区块链中对应着"多重签名"(Multi-signature)的"治理困境"——当多个"签名人"需要"共同"做出"决定"时,如何确保"决策"既能"反映"所有"签名人"的"意愿",又能"避免"陷入"僵局"?《八部半》给出了一个"存在主义"的"答案":有时,"不决定"也是一种"决定"。
第一幕:八部半的"创作困境"
第一场:圭多的"多重身份"
圭多·安塞尔米在《八部半》中"同时"扮演着多重"角色":
- 导演:需要"决定"下一部电影的"主题"。
- 制片人:需要"管理"电影的"预算"和"进度"。
- 艺术家:需要"追求"自己的"艺术理想"。
- 情人:需要在"妻子"和"情妇"之间"平衡"。
- 公众人物:需要"回应"媒体和公众的"期待"。
这种"多重身份"对应着"多重签名"中的"多重角色"——一个"多签钱包"可能有多个"签名人",每个"签名人"都有不同的"利益"和"动机"。
第二场:从"创作僵局"到"治理僵局"
圭多的"创作僵局"——"无法决定"下一部电影要拍什么——在"多签治理"中对应着"治理僵局"——"无法达成共识"来"执行"关键"决策"。
在"多签治理"中,"治理僵局"可能由以下原因导致:
- 签名人缺席:某个"签名人"无法"参与"决策。
- 利益冲突:不同"签名人"有"冲突"的"利益"。
- 信息不对称:某些"签名人"缺乏"必要信息"来"做出决策"。
- 决策疲劳:过多的"决策请求"导致"签名人""疲劳"。
第三场:费里尼的"解决方案"
圭多最终"解决"创作困境的方式是"接受"困境——他不再"试图"做出"完美的决定",而是"接受"了"多重声音"的"存在",在电影的最后场景中,所有"角色"——包括"真实的"和"想象的"——都"聚集"在一起,共同"参与"了"创作"。
这种"接受多重声音"的"解决方案",在"多签治理"中对应着"包容性治理"——不是"消除"分歧,而是"接受"分歧,在"分歧"中"寻找"共识。
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/AccessControl.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
contract OttoEMezzoMultiSig is AccessControl, ReentrancyGuard {
bytes32 public constant SIGNER_ROLE = keccak256("SIGNER_ROLE");
bytes32 public constant ADMIN_ROLE = keccak256("ADMIN_ROLE");
enum IdentityType {
DIRECTOR, // 导演 - 创作决策
PRODUCER, // 制片人 - 财务决策
SCREENWRITER, // 编剧 - 叙事决策
CINEMATOGRAPHER,// 摄影 - 视觉决策
ACTOR, // 演员 - 表演决策
COMPOSER, // 作曲家 - 音乐决策
CRITIC, // 评论家 - 外部声音
DISTRIBUTOR, // 发行商 - 商业决策
INVESTOR, // 投资者 - 资本决策
MUSE // 缪斯 - 灵感来源
}
enum DecisionType {
CREATIVE, // 创作决策
FINANCIAL, // 财务决策
PRODUCTION, // 制作决策
DISTRIBUTION, // 发行决策
CASTING, // 选角决策
EXISTENTIAL // 存在性决策
}
enum DecisionStatus {
PENDING,
APPROVED,
REJECTED,
STALLED,
WITHDRAWN,
ESCALATED
}
enum CrisisLevel {
INSPIRATION, // 灵感充沛
MILD_DOUBT, // 轻度怀疑
CREATIVE_BLOCK, // 创作瓶颈
EXISTENTIAL // 存在危机
}
struct CreativeIdentity {
address identityAddress;
string name;
IdentityType identityType;
uint256 influenceWeight; // 影响力权重 (0-1000)
uint256 vetoPower; // 否决权 (0 = 无, 1 = 有)
uint256 decisionsMade;
uint256 decisionsVetoed;
bool isActive;
string manifestoURI;
}
struct Decision {
uint256 decisionId;
address[] initiators;
string description;
DecisionType decisionType;
DecisionStatus status;
CrisisLevel crisisLevel;
uint256 yesVotes;
uint256 noVotes;
uint256 abstainVotes;
uint256 requiredApprovals;
uint256 totalSigners;
uint256 createdAt;
uint256 deadline;
uint256 executedAt;
bytes32 decisionHash;
string ipfsDocumentURI;
bool isExecuted;
address[] approvedSigners;
address[] rejectedSigners;
}
struct CreativeVeto {
uint256 vetoId;
uint256 decisionId;
address vetoer;
IdentityType vetoerType;
string reason;
uint256 timestamp;
bool isOverridden;
}
struct CrisisJournal {
uint256 entryId;
address signer;
string dreamSequenceURI;
string reflection;
uint256 timestamp;
CrisisLevel crisisLevel;
}
mapping(address => CreativeIdentity) public identities;
mapping(uint256 => Decision) public decisions;
mapping(uint256 => CreativeVeto) public vetos;
mapping(uint256 => CrisisJournal) public journals;
mapping(address => uint256[]) public signerDecisions;
mapping(uint256 => mapping(address => bool)) public hasVoted;
uint256 private _decisionCounter;
uint256 private _vetoCounter;
uint256 private _journalCounter;
uint256 public constant MAX_DECISION_DURATION = 30 days;
uint256 public constant MIN_APPROVAL_RATIO = 600; // 60%
event DecisionCreated(
uint256 indexed decisionId,
string description,
DecisionType decisionType,
CrisisLevel crisisLevel
);
event VoteCast(
uint256 indexed decisionId,
address indexed signer,
bool approved
);
event DecisionExecuted(
uint256 indexed decisionId,
bool approved
);
event VetoCasted(
uint256 indexed vetoId,
uint256 indexed decisionId,
address indexed vetoer,
string reason
);
event CrisisJournalEntry(
uint256 indexed entryId,
address indexed signer,
CrisisLevel crisisLevel
);
modifier onlySigner() {
require(identities[msg.sender].isActive, "Not active signer");
_;
}
constructor() {
_grantRole(DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);
_grantRole(ADMIN_ROLE, msg.sender);
_grantRole(SIGNER_ROLE, msg.sender);
}
function registerIdentity(
address _identity,
string memory _name,
IdentityType _identityType,
uint256 _influenceWeight,
bool _hasVetoPower,
string memory _manifestoURI
) external onlyRole(ADMIN_ROLE) {
require(_influenceWeight <= 1000, "Invalid weight");
identities[_identity] = CreativeIdentity({
identityAddress: _identity,
name: _name,
identityType: _identityType,
influenceWeight: _influenceWeight,
vetoPower: _hasVetoPower ? 1 : 0,
decisionsMade: 0,
decisionsVetoed: 0,
isActive: true,
manifestoURI: _manifestoURI
});
_grantRole(SIGNER_ROLE, _identity);
}
function createDecision(
string memory _description,
DecisionType _decisionType,
CrisisLevel _crisisLevel,
uint256 _deadline,
string memory _ipfsDocumentURI,
address[] memory _initiators
) external onlySigner returns (uint256) {
require(_deadline > block.timestamp && _deadline <= block.timestamp + MAX_DECISION_DURATION, "Invalid deadline");
_decisionCounter++;
uint256 decisionId = _decisionCounter;
uint256 activeSigners = _getActiveSignerCount();
uint256 required = (activeSigners * MIN_APPROVAL_RATIO) / 1000;
if (required < 1) required = 1;
decisions[decisionId] = Decision({
decisionId: decisionId,
initiators: _initiators,
description: _description,
decisionType: _decisionType,
status: DecisionStatus.PENDING,
crisisLevel: _crisisLevel,
yesVotes: 0,
noVotes: 0,
abstainVotes: 0,
requiredApprovals: required,
totalSigners: activeSigners,
createdAt: block.timestamp,
deadline: _deadline,
executedAt: 0,
decisionHash: keccak256(abi.encodePacked(decisionId, _description, block.timestamp)),
ipfsDocumentURI: _ipfsDocumentURI,
isExecuted: false,
approvedSigners: new address[](0),
rejectedSigners: new address[](0)
});
emit DecisionCreated(decisionId, _description, _decisionType, _crisisLevel);
return decisionId;
}
function castVote(
uint256 _decisionId,
bool _approve,
bool _abstain
) external onlySigner {
Decision storage decision = decisions[_decisionId];
require(decision.status == DecisionStatus.PENDING, "Decision not pending");
require(block.timestamp < decision.deadline, "Voting period ended");
require(!hasVoted[_decisionId][msg.sender], "Already voted");
hasVoted[_decisionId][msg.sender] = true;
if (_abstain) {
decision.abstainVotes++;
} else if (_approve) {
decision.yesVotes++;
decision.approvedSigners.push(msg.sender);
} else {
decision.noVotes++;
decision.rejectedSigners.push(msg.sender);
}
signerDecisions[msg.sender].push(_decisionId);
identities[msg.sender].decisionsMade++;
emit VoteCast(_decisionId, msg.sender, _approve);
_checkDecisionStatus(_decisionId);
}
function castVeto(
uint256 _decisionId,
string memory _reason
) external onlySigner returns (uint256) {
CreativeIdentity storage identity = identities[msg.sender];
require(identity.vetoPower == 1, "No veto power");
require(decisionStatus(_decisionId) == DecisionStatus.PENDING, "Not pending");
_vetoCounter++;
uint256 vetoId = _vetoCounter;
vetos[vetoId] = CreativeVeto({
vetoId: vetoId,
decisionId: _decisionId,
vetoer: msg.sender,
vetoerType: identity.identityType,
reason: _reason,
timestamp: block.timestamp,
isOverridden: false
});
identity.decisionsVetoed++;
// 否决权:直接阻止决策
decisions[_decisionId].status = DecisionStatus.STALLED;
emit VetoCasted(vetoId, _decisionId, msg.sender, _reason);
return vetoId;
}
function overrideVeto(
uint256 _vetoId,
uint256 _overrideVotes
) external onlyRole(ADMIN_ROLE) {
CreativeVeto storage veto = vetos[_vetoId];
require(!veto.isOverridden, "Already overridden");
// 需要2/3超级多数来推翻否决
uint256 activeSigners = _getActiveSignerCount();
uint256 overrideThreshold = (activeSigners * 667) / 1000;
if (_overrideVotes >= overrideThreshold) {
veto.isOverridden = true;
decisions[veto.decisionId].status = DecisionStatus.PENDING;
}
}
function executeDecision(uint256 _decisionId) external onlyRole(ADMIN_ROLE) {
Decision storage decision = decisions[_decisionId];
require(decision.status == DecisionStatus.APPROVED, "Not approved");
require(!decision.isExecuted, "Already executed");
decision.isExecuted = true;
decision.executedAt = block.timestamp;
emit DecisionExecuted(_decisionId, true);
}
function enterCrisisJournal(
string memory _dreamSequenceURI,
string memory _reflection,
CrisisLevel _crisisLevel
) external onlySigner returns (uint256) {
_journalCounter++;
uint256 entryId = _journalCounter;
journals[entryId] = CrisisJournal({
entryId: entryId,
signer: msg.sender,
dreamSequenceURI: _dreamSequenceURI,
reflection: _reflection,
timestamp: block.timestamp,
crisisLevel: _crisisLevel
});
emit CrisisJournalEntry(entryId, msg.sender, _crisisLevel);
return entryId;
}
function _checkDecisionStatus(uint256 _decisionId) internal {
Decision storage decision = decisions[_decisionId];
// 检查是否达到批准阈值
if (decision.yesVotes >= decision.requiredApprovals) {
decision.status = DecisionStatus.APPROVED;
}
// 检查是否被拒绝(超过半数反对)
else if (decision.noVotes > decision.totalSigners / 2) {
decision.status = DecisionStatus.REJECTED;
}
// 检查是否过期
else if (block.timestamp >= decision.deadline) {
if (decision.yesVotes > decision.noVotes) {
decision.status = DecisionStatus.APPROVED;
} else {
decision.status = DecisionStatus.REJECTED;
}
}
}
function _getActiveSignerCount() internal view returns (uint256) {
uint256 count = 0;
// In production, this would iterate over a signer list
// For simplicity, we return a placeholder
return count;
}
function decisionStatus(uint256 _decisionId) public view returns (DecisionStatus) {
if (block.timestamp >= decisions[_decisionId].deadline &&
decisions[_decisionId].status == DecisionStatus.PENDING) {
return DecisionStatus.STALLED;
}
return decisions[_decisionId].status;
}
function getIdentityInfo(address _identity) external view returns (CreativeIdentity memory) {
return identities[_identity];
}
function getDecisionDetails(uint256 _decisionId) external view returns (Decision memory) {
return decisions[_decisionId];
}
function getSignerDecisions(address _signer) external view returns (uint256[] memory) {
return signerDecisions[_signer];
}
}
第二幕:多签治理的"镜头语言"
第一场:签名人的"权重"与"否决权"
在《八部半》中,圭多的"多重身份"具有不同的"权重"——作为"导演",他有"最终决定权";作为"制片人",他有"财务否决权";作为"情人",他心里有"情感权衡"。
在多签治理中,"签名人"可以具有"不同的权重"——有些签名人有"否决权"(Veto Power),有些签名人的"投票"权重更高。
第二场:从"创作瓶颈"到"治理瓶颈"
圭多的"创作瓶颈"——"无法决定"下一部电影要拍什么——在多签治理中对应着"治理瓶颈"——"无法达成共识"来"执行"关键"决策"。
"治理瓶颈"的"症状"包括:
- 提案积压:大量提案"等待"签名人"批准"。
- 决策延迟:关键决策"延迟"执行。
- 签名人疲劳:签名人"退出"或"不再参与"。
- 治理攻击:恶意提案"利用"治理漏洞。
第三场:费里尼的"存在主义"解决方案
圭多最终"解决"创作困境的方式是"存在主义"的——他"接受"了"困境"本身。
在多签治理中,"存在主义"的"解决方案"是:
- 接受"不确定性":不是所有"决策"都需要"立即"做出。
- 接受"分歧":不是所有"签名人"都需要"一致同意"。
- 接受"不完美":不是所有"决策"都是"完美"的。
import json
import time
import hashlib
import random
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
from enum import Enum
class IdentityType(Enum):
DIRECTOR = "director"
PRODUCER = "producer"
SCREENWRITER = "screenwriter"
ACTOR = "actor"
COMPOSER = "composer"
CRITIC = "critic"
INVESTOR = "investor"
MUSE = "muse"
class DecisionType(Enum):
CREATIVE = "creative"
FINANCIAL = "financial"
PRODUCTION = "production"
CASTING = "casting"
DISTRIBUTION = "distribution"
EXISTENTIAL = "existential"
class DecisionStatus(Enum):
PENDING = "pending"
APPROVED = "approved"
REJECTED = "rejected"
STALLED = "stalled"
VETOED = "vetoed"
class CrisisLevel(Enum):
INSPIRATION = "inspiration"
MILD_DOUBT = "mild_doubt"
CREATIVE_BLOCK = "creative_block"
EXISTENTIAL = "existential_crisis"
@dataclass
class CreativeSigner:
address: str
name: str
identity_type: IdentityType
weight: int
has_veto: bool
decisions_made: int
is_active: bool
@dataclass
class MultiSigDecision:
decision_id: int
description: str
decision_type: DecisionType
crisis_level: CrisisLevel
yes_votes: int
no_votes: int
abstain_votes: int
required: int
total_signers: int
status: DecisionStatus
deadline: int
created_at: int
approved_by: List[str]
rejected_by: List[str]
@dataclass
class VetoRecord:
veto_id: int
decision_id: int
vetoer: str
reason: str
overridden: bool
class OttoEMezzoMultiSig:
"""
《八部半》多重签名治理模拟器
"""
def __init__(self):
self.signers: Dict[str, CreativeSigner] = {}
self.decisions: Dict[int, MultiSigDecision] = {}
self.vetos: Dict[int, VetoRecord] = {}
self.decision_counter = 0
self.veto_counter = 0
def _hash(self, *args) -> str:
return hashlib.sha256(":".join(str(a) for a in args).encode()).hexdigest()
def register_creative_identity(
self,
address: str,
name: str,
identity_type: IdentityType,
weight: int = 100,
has_veto: bool = False
) -> CreativeSigner:
signer = CreativeSigner(
address=address,
name=name,
identity_type=identity_type,
weight=weight,
has_veto=has_veto,
decisions_made=0,
is_active=True
)
self.signers[address] = signer
print(f"[注册] {name} ({identity_type.value})")
print(f" 权重: {weight}, 否决权: {has_veto}")
return signer
def create_decision(
self,
initiator: str,
description: str,
decision_type: DecisionType,
crisis_level: CrisisLevel,
deadline: int = 86400 * 7
) -> int:
if initiator not in self.signers:
raise ValueError(f"签名人 {initiator[:8]} 未注册")
self.decision_counter += 1
decision_id = self.decision_counter
active_signers = [s for s in self.signers.values() if s.is_active]
required = max(1, int(len(active_signers) * 0.6))
decision = MultiSigDecision(
decision_id=decision_id,
description=description,
decision_type=decision_type,
crisis_level=crisis_level,
yes_votes=0,
no_votes=0,
abstain_votes=0,
required=required,
total_signers=len(active_signers),
status=DecisionStatus.PENDING,
deadline=int(time.time()) + deadline,
created_at=int(time.time()),
approved_by=[],
rejected_by=[]
)
self.decisions[decision_id] = decision
print(f"[决策] #{decision_id}: {description[:40]}...")
print(f" 类型: {decision_type.value}, 危机: {crisis_level.value}")
print(f" 需要: {required}/{len(active_signers)} 签名")
return decision_id
def cast_vote(
self,
decision_id: int,
voter: str,
approve: bool,
abstain: bool = False
) -> bool:
if decision_id not in self.decisions:
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 不存在")
if voter not in self.signers:
raise ValueError(f"签名人 {voter[:8]} 未注册")
decision = self.decisions[decision_id]
signer = self.signers[voter]
if decision.status != DecisionStatus.PENDING:
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 状态为 {decision.status.value}")
if int(time.time()) >= decision.deadline:
decision.status = DecisionStatus.STALLED
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 已过期")
if abstain:
decision.abstain_votes += 1
print(f"[投票] {signer.name}: 弃权")
elif approve:
decision.yes_votes += 1
decision.approved_by.append(voter)
print(f"[投票] {signer.name}: 赞成")
else:
decision.no_votes += 1
decision.rejected_by.append(voter)
print(f"[投票] {signer.name}: 反对")
signer.decisions_made += 1
self._check_status(decision_id)
return True
def cast_veto(self, decision_id: int, vetoer: str, reason: str) -> int:
if decision_id not in self.decisions:
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 不存在")
if vetoer not in self.signers:
raise ValueError(f"签名人 {vetoer[:8]} 未注册")
signer = self.signers[vetoer]
if not signer.has_veto:
raise ValueError(f"{signer.name} 没有否决权")
decision = self.decisions[decision_id]
if decision.status != DecisionStatus.PENDING:
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 不能否决")
self.veto_counter += 1
veto_id = self.veto_counter
veto = VetoRecord(
veto_id=veto_id,
decision_id=decision_id,
vetoer=vetoer,
reason=reason,
overridden=False
)
self.vetos[veto_id] = veto
decision.status = DecisionStatus.VETOED
print(f"[否决] #{veto_id}: {signer.name} 否决了决策 #{decision_id}")
print(f" 理由: {reason}")
return veto_id
def override_veto(self, veto_id: int, override_votes: int) -> bool:
if veto_id not in self.vetos:
raise ValueError(f"否决 #{veto_id} 不存在")
veto = self.vetos[veto_id]
if veto.overridden:
raise ValueError("否决已被推翻")
active_signers = [s for s in self.signers.values() if s.is_active]
threshold = int(len(active_signers) * 0.667) # 2/3 超级多数
if override_votes >= threshold:
veto.overridden = True
self.decisions[veto.decision_id].status = DecisionStatus.PENDING
print(f"[推翻] 否决 #{veto_id} 被 {override_votes} 票推翻")
return True
else:
print(f"[失败] 需要 {threshold} 票,只有 {override_votes} 票")
return False
def _check_status(self, decision_id: int):
decision = self.decisions[decision_id]
if decision.yes_votes >= decision.required:
decision.status = DecisionStatus.APPROVED
print(f"[通过] 决策 #{decision_id}: 已批准")
elif decision.no_votes > decision.total_signers / 2:
decision.status = DecisionStatus.REJECTED
print(f"[拒绝] 决策 #{decision_id}: 已拒绝")
elif int(time.time()) >= decision.deadline:
decision.status = DecisionStatus.STALLED
print(f"[停滞] 决策 #{decision_id}: 已过期")
def get_decision_timeline(self, decision_id: int) -> Dict:
if decision_id not in self.decisions:
raise ValueError(f"决策 #{decision_id} 不存在")
decision = self.decisions[decision_id]
return {
"decision_id": decision_id,
"description": decision.description[:50],
"type": decision.decision_type.value,
"crisis": decision.crisis_level.value,
"status": decision.status.value,
"votes": {
"yes": decision.yes_votes,
"no": decision.no_votes,
"abstain": decision.abstain_votes,
"required": decision.required,
"total": decision.total_signers
},
"approved_by": [self.signers.get(a, CreativeSigner("", "未知", IdentityType.CRITIC, 0, False, 0, False)).name for a in decision.approved_by],
"rejected_by": [self.signers.get(a, CreativeSigner("", "未知", IdentityType.CRITIC, 0, False, 0, False)).name for a in decision.rejected_by],
"created": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", time.gmtime(decision.created_at)),
"deadline": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", time.gmtime(decision.deadline))
}
def simulate_fellini_crisis(self) -> Dict:
"""
模拟费里尼的创作困境作为多签治理
"""
print(f"\n{'='*60}")
print(f" 《八部半》多签治理模拟")
print(f" 费里尼的创作困境作为多签治理")
print(f"{'='*60}\n")
# 1. 注册所有"声音"
print(">>> 1. 注册创作身份\n")
guido = self.register_creative_identity("0xGuido...Director", "圭多·安塞尔米(导演)", IdentityType.DIRECTOR, weight=300, has_veto=True)
producer = self.register_creative_identity("0xProd...Producer", "制片人", IdentityType.PRODUCER, weight=200, has_veto=True)
writer = self.register_creative_identity("0xWriter...Screenwriter", "编剧", IdentityType.SCREENWRITER, weight=150)
actor = self.register_creative_identity("0xActor...Lead", "男主角", IdentityType.ACTOR, weight=100)
composer = self.register_creative_identity("0xComp...Composer", "作曲家", IdentityType.COMPOSER, weight=80)
critic = self.register_creative_identity("0xCritic...Reviewer", "评论家", IdentityType.CRITIC, weight=50)
investor = self.register_creative_identity("0xInvest...Fund", "投资者", IdentityType.INVESTOR, weight=200, has_veto=True)
muse = self.register_creative_identity("0xMuse...Claudia", "缪斯(克劳迪娅)", IdentityType.MUSE, weight=120)
# 2. 创作决策的困境
print("\n>>> 2. 创作决策困境\n")
print("圭多面临多重决策困境:")
print(" - 制片人: 要求商业化的科幻片")
print(" - 编剧: 建议文艺片")
print(" - 投资者: 要求确保回报")
print(" - 评论家: 期待艺术突破")
print(" - 缪斯: 提供灵感但不做决定")
# 3. 第一个决策:选片
print("\n>>> 3. 决策1: 下一部电影类型\n")
d1 = self.create_decision(
initiator=guido.address,
description="下一部电影应该是科幻片还是文艺片?",
decision_type=DecisionType.CREATIVE,
crisis_level=CrisisLevel.CREATIVE_BLOCK,
deadline=86400 * 7
)
self.cast_vote(d1, producer.address, True) # 制片人支持科幻片
self.cast_vote(d1, writer.address, False) # 编剧反对
self.cast_vote(d1, investor.address, True) # 投资者支持
self.cast_vote(d1, critic.address, False) # 评论家反对
self.cast_vote(d1, composer.address, True) # 作曲家支持
self.cast_vote(d1, actor.address, True) # 演员支持
# 圭多(导演)陷入困境,无法决定
print(f"\n 圭多陷入困境,无法决定...")
# 4. 第二个决策:选角
print("\n>>> 4. 决策2: 女主角选角\n")
d2 = self.create_decision(
initiator=producer.address,
description="女主角应该选知名明星还是新人?",
decision_type=DecisionType.CASTING,
crisis_level=CrisisLevel.MILD_DOUBT,
deadline=86400 * 5
)
self.cast_vote(d2, producer.address, True) # 制片人要明星
self.cast_vote(d2, investor.address, True) # 投资者要明星
self.cast_vote(d2, critic.address, False) # 评论家要新人
self.cast_vote(d2, actor.address, False) # 演员要新人
# 5. 第三个决策:存在性危机
print("\n>>> 5. 决策3: 是否继续拍摄?\n")
d3 = self.create_decision(
initiator=guido.address,
description="是否应该继续拍摄这部没有灵感的电影?",
decision_type=DecisionType.EXISTENTIAL,
crisis_level=CrisisLevel.EXISTENTIAL,
deadline=86400 * 3
)
# 圭多使用否决权
self.cast_veto(d3, guido.address, "我需要更多时间来找到灵感")
# 6. 第四个决策:预算
print("\n>>> 6. 决策4: 预算分配\n")
d4 = self.create_decision(
initiator=producer.address,
description="是否增加特效预算?",
decision_type=DecisionType.FINANCIAL,
crisis_level=CrisisLevel.MILD_DOUBT,
deadline=86400 * 4
)
self.cast_vote(d4, producer.address, True)
self.cast_vote(d4, investor.address, True)
self.cast_vote(d4, composer.address, False)
self.cast_vote(d4, writer.address, False)
# 投资者否决
self.cast_veto(d4, investor.address, "预算已经超支")
# 7. 决策时间线
print("\n>>> 7. 决策时间线\n")
for did in [d1, d2, d3, d4]:
timeline = self.get_decision_timeline(did)
print(f" #{did} [{timeline['status']}]: {timeline['description']}")
print(f" 赞成: {timeline['votes']['yes']}/{timeline['votes']['required']}")
print(f" 反对: {timeline['votes']['no']}")
print(f" 通过者: {', '.join(timeline['approved_by']) if timeline['approved_by'] else '无'}")
# 8. 费里尼解决方案
print("\n>>> 8. 费里尼的解决方案:接受多重声音\n")
print("""
圭多最终意识到:创作困境不是"选择"的问题,
而是"接受"的问题——接受所有声音的存在,
接受不确定性的必然性,接受不完美的可能性。
在多重签名治理中,这意味着:
- 不是所有决策都需要"立即"做出
- 不是所有分歧都需要"消除"
- 不是所有决策都是"完美"的
- "停滞"有时比"糟糕的决策"更好
""")
print(f"\n{'='*60}")
print(f" 模拟完成")
print(f"{'='*60}")
return {
"total_decisions": 4,
"approved": sum(1 for d in self.decisions.values() if d.status == DecisionStatus.APPROVED),
"rejected": sum(1 for d in self.decisions.values() if d.status == DecisionStatus.REJECTED),
"vetoed": sum(1 for d in self.decisions.values() if d.status == DecisionStatus.VETOED),
"stalled": sum(1 for d in self.decisions.values() if d.status == DecisionStatus.STALLED),
"total_signers": len(self.signers)
}
def main():
multisig = OttoEMezzoMultiSig()
result = multisig.simulate_fellini_crisis()
print(f"\n=== 模拟结果 ===")
print(f"总决策: {result['total_decisions']}")
print(f"通过: {result['approved']}, 拒绝: {result['rejected']}")
print(f"否决: {result['vetoed']}, 停滞: {result['stalled']}")
print(f"签名人: {result['total_signers']}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
第三幕:多签治理的"最佳实践"
第一场:签名人的"选择"与"权重"
多签治理的"核心"是"签名人"的"选择"和"权重"分配。
在《八部半》中,圭多的"多重身份"代表不同的"利益"——导演追求"艺术",制片人追求"效率",投资者追求"利润"。
在多签治理中,"签名人"应该代表"不同的利益":
- 创作者:代表"艺术利益"。
- 管理者:代表"运营利益"。
- 投资者:代表"财务利益"。
- 用户:代表"社区利益"。
第二场:防止"治理僵局"的机制
多签治理的"核心风险"是"治理僵局"——当"签名人"无法"达成共识"时,决策"停滞"。
"防止治理僵局"的机制包括:
- 自动升级:如果"决策"在"截止时间"前没有"完成",自动"升级"到"更高层级"。
- 签名代理:允许"签名人"将"投票权"委托给"代理人"。
- 紧急多签:在"紧急情况"下,减少"所需签名数"。
- 时间锁:在"决策"通过后,有"延迟期"来"避免"错误决策。
第三场:否决权的"存在主义"设计
在《八部半》中,圭多的"否决权"——作为"导演"的"最终决定权"——既是"权力"也是"负担"。
在多签治理中,"否决权"是"核心"也是"风险":
- 否决权可以"防止"错误决策。
- 否决权也可以"阻碍"必要决策。
第四幕:从"存在主义"到"治理哲学"
第一场:创作困境的"治理哲学"
《八部半》的"治理哲学"是:困境不是"需要解决"的"问题",而是"需要接受"的"现实"。
在多签治理中,这对应着"接受治理困境"的"哲学":
- 不是所有决策都需要"完美"。
- 不是所有分歧都可以"消除"。
- 不是所有共识都需要"达成"。
第二场:从"多重声音"到"多重签名"
《八部半》的"多重声音"——圭多头脑中的"多重角色"——在区块链中对应着"多重签名"。
"多重声音"是"创作困境"的"来源"。"多重签名"是"治理困境"的"来源"。
第三场:广播电视编导的"治理叙事"
从广播电视编导的视角来看,《八部半》与"多重签名"的"类比"揭示了"治理"的"本质"——"治理"不是"技术",而是"叙事"。
在《八部半》中,圭多最终"解决"困境的方式不是"做出选择",而是"讲述故事"——他将所有"声音"编织进一个"叙事"中,让"多重声音"成为"故事"的一部分。
在多签治理中,"好的治理"不是"消除分歧",而是"将分歧编织进共识"——让"多重签名"成为"治理叙事"的一部分。
第五幕:镜头之外的思考
第一场:从"创作危机"到"治理危机"
《八部半》的"创作危机"是多签治理的"完美隐喻"——当"多重声音"在"同一时间"提出"不同要求"时,"决策者"陷入"困境"。
在多签治理中,"治理危机"同样源于"多重声音"——当"签名人"在"同一时间"提出"不同要求"时,"治理"陷入"困境"。
第二场:费里尼的"解决方案"作为"治理模型"
费里尼的"解决方案"——"接受"困境,"将多重声音编织进叙事"——为多签治理提供了一个"治理模型":不是"消除"分歧,而是"接纳"分歧。
在"费里尼治理模型"中:
- 分歧不是"问题",而是"资源"。
- 困境不是"障碍",而是"机会"。
- 不完美不是"失败",而是"常态"。
第三场:从"八部半"到"多签治理"的"进化"
《八部半》在1963年提出的"创作困境",在2026年的"多签治理"中得到了"进化"——从"导演的困境"到"DAO的困境",从"个人的困境"到"集体的困境"。
但"核心"没有变——"困境"的"本质"是"多重声音"的"共存"。在"多签治理"中,"好的治理"不是"让所有声音消失",而是"让所有声音被听到"。
在这个万物皆可Token化的时代,技术的迭代往往比镜头切换更快。作为北京城市学院2021级广播电视编导的毕业生,我始终在影像与区块链的交汇处寻找共鸣。感谢阅读,我是王森涛,让我们在视听与去中心化的世界里,继续探索。